Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim
Faatima Ahmed Ibraahim (aarabeere: فاطمة احمد ابراهيم; hedde 1930 – 12 ut 2017), ko binndoowo Sudaannaajo, daraniiɗo hakkeeji rewɓe e gardiiɗo sosiyaalist.[1]
| Jinsu | debbum  |
|---|---|
| Ɓii-leydiyankaaku | Sudan |
| Innde | Fatima |
| Ɗuubi daygo | 1932 |
| Ɗoforde | Omdurman, Khartoum |
| Date of death | 12 Juko 2017 |
| Place of death | London |
| Dee/goriiwo | Alshafi Ahmed Elshikh |
| Sana'aji | human rights activist, ngaɗoowo siyaasaje, women's rights activist, writer, journalist |
| Position held | member of parliament |
| Member of political party | Sudanese Communist Party |
| Diina | Diina Lislaama |
| Award received | Ibn Rushd Prize for Freedom of Thought |
| Personal pronoun | L484 |
Nguurndam adanɗam
Ibraahiima jibinaa ko to Khartuum. Fuɗɗoode ina hollita ñalngu jibinannde makko no feewi ko ñalnde 20 lewru Duujal hitaande 1928,[2] walla e hitaande 1932[3] walla 1933.[4] O ummii ko e galle jannguɗo; mawniiko wonnoo ko gardiiɗo Duɗal Sudaan gadanal sukaaɓe worɓe kam e Imaam to juulirde hoɗdiiɓe makko. Baaba mum Faatima heɓi bak mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Gordon Memorial, o golliima e jannginoowo. Yumma Faatima ina jeyaa e sukaaɓe rewɓe adanɓe janngude e duɗal ngal. Faatima mawni ko e jamaanu koloñaal Angalteer-Misra Sudaan. Baaba makko riiwaama e jannginde e nder duɗal laamu nde o salii jannginde janngirɗe kuutortooɗe ɗemngal Engele.[5] Caggal ɗuum baaba makko jannginii e duɗal goɗngal.
Kugal
taƴto
Caggal nde o fuɗɗii e duɗal hakkundeewal sukaaɓe rewɓe Omdurman, o woni e wallitde hakkeeji rewɓe. O sosi jaaynde mahol ina wiyee Elra’edda, walla e ɗemngal Arab الرائدة walla e ɗemngal Engele Pioneer Girls. Jaaynde makko ina teskaa e hakkeeji rewɓe kadi o winndi e jaayndeeji e oon sahaa kadi e innde pentol.[5] Faatima waɗii seppo adanngo rewɓe to leydi Sudaan sabu njuɓɓudi duɗal mum fellitii haɗde jaŋde ganndal, lomtiniri ɗum jaŋde ‘ganndal ɓesngu’. Seppo ngoo waɗii faayiida. Golle makko njahri ko caggal duɗal; e hitaande 1947 o sosi Fedde Rewɓe Hakkillaaji, e hitaande 1952 o gollodii e rewɓe woɗɓe o sosi Dental Rewɓe Sudaan (SWU, Arab: الاتحاد النسائي السوداني, firo: Aletahad Elnees’y Alsodanni), ɗo o gollodii e goomu toppitiingu Fatima Taalib e Khaliida Zahir.[6] Hooreejo Dental ngal gadano ko Faatima Taalib Ismaa’il.[7] Fedde rewɓe udditii terɗe rewɓe wonɓe e leydi Sudan fof e SWU udditi cafrirɗe e nder diiwanuuji ceertuɗi e nder leydi Sudaan. Ajendaaji Dental Rewɓe e oon sahaa, e fawaade e waylo-waylo doosgal mum e hitaande 1954, ina teskaa e hakke woote, e hakke suɓaade rewɓe, e hakke rewɓe jogaade wakilaaji e nder denndaangal juɓɓule sariya, politik, e njuɓɓudi laamu. To SWU o golliima kadi ngam tabitinde potal hakkunde worɓe e njoɓdi e heblo karallaagal, o walli kadi e ittude jaŋde e nder rewɓe. Sabu paandaale SWU, waɗii luural e jojjanɗe politik ko wayi no Jabihat El-methaiq elaslami walla Fedde Lislaam. E hitaande 1955 Faatima wonti hooreejo jaaynde Sawat al-Maraa walla jaaynde Daande Debbo (mo Dental Rewɓe yaltini), ndeen jaaynde waɗi caggal ɗuum darnde tiiɗnde e liɓgol laamu Ibraahiima Abboud. Nde o woni e jaaynde ndee, Ibraahiima hawri e binndoowo ɓurɗo famɗude e gollordu nduu, hono Suad Ibraahim Ahmed, tergal lannda kominist. Ɓe luurdi no feewi e darnde rewɓe, diine e jikkuuji e peeje lanndaaji. So tawii Ibraahiima ina sikki wonde Lislaam ina waawi huutoreede ngam haɓaade diineeji, Ahmed ina yiɗi ustude hare rewɓe e miijooji diineeji. Ahmed miijii wonde jooɗaade e nder njuɓɓudi lislaam ina addana yahruɓe yeeso ɓee haɓde e leydi luutndiiɓe mum en.[8][9]
E hitaande 1954, Faatima naati e lannda kominist Sudaan (SCP), e nder dumunna juutɗo, Faatima wonti tergal e Goomu Catal SCP (SCP ko lannda Sudaan gadano joginooɗo njuɓɓudi rewɓe nder mum, gila 1946). E hitaande 1956–57, Faatima wonti hooreejo Dental Rewɓe. Ina jeyaa e paandaale makko, jeytaare senngo ngoo e jokkondiral maɓɓe e njiimaandi SCP, o yaajtini kadi tawtoreede rewɓe ɓe ngonaa ceertuɓe. E hitaande 1965 Faatima suɓaama e nder parlemaa, o wonti depitee debbo Sudaan gadano.[1] Kiriis doosgal leydi ndii, sabu ittugol terɗe SCP cuɓaaɗe e demokaraasi e nder parlemaa Sudaan, mo Sadiq al Mahdi ardii, addani SCP e lannda Umma luural mawngal. E hitaande 1967, Ibraahiima ina jeyaa e rewɓe nayo suɓaaɓe e Goomu hakkundeejo lannda kominist Sudan, terɗe 33, wondude e Mahasin Abd al-Aal, Naima Babiker al-Rayah e Suad Ibraahiima Ahmed.[8]
E hitaande 1969, nde Jaafar Muhammadu al-Nemieri heɓti laamu e nder kuudetaa militeer ballitooɗo SCP, golle Dental Rewɓe njaajni, rewɓe keɓi hakkeeji keewɗi e fannuuji ceertuɗi. Lewru njulaagu hakkunde lannda kominist Sudaan e Jaafar al-Nemieri joofi ko caggal luural mawngal addani e lewru sulyee 1971 kuudetaa militeer ballitooɗo SCP e gardagol Hashim Elatta, kono kuudetaa oo dartinaama caggal balɗe seeɗa, Nimiri arti e laamu, ɗum ardii to warngo ardiiɓe kuudetaa SCP, ina jeyaa heen Alshafi Ahmed Elshikh hooreejo senndikaa gollotooɓe e jom suudu Faatima. Caggal ɗuum Faatima waɗtaa e kasoo duuɓi keewɗi, o nanngaa laabi keewɗi e laamu Nemieri.
E hitaande 1990, Faatima ummii Sudaan caggal kuudetaa konu Omar Hassan al-Bashir, o naati e luulndo ngo e nder eggugol, o woni hooreejo fedde rewɓe Sudaan haɗaande. E hitaande 1991, Faatima toɗɗaa hooreejo Fedde winndereyankoore rewɓe. O arti Sudaan ko e hitaande 2005 caggal nanondiral hakkunde laamu e luulndo, o toɗɗaa depitee e nder parlemaa lomtotooɗo SCP. Miñiiko kadi ko binndoowo, omo jeyaa e politik Salah Ahmed Ibrahim,[5] omo jogii ɓiɗɗo gorko gooto e jom suudu makko Elshafi, ina wiyee Ahmed.
O woppii ardorde politik e hitaande 2011.[1] O sankii ko to Londres ñalnde 12 lewru bowte hitaande 2017, omo yahra e duuɓi 84,[10] e wirwirnde makko waɗi ko to Khartoum ñalnde 16 lewru bowte.[11]
Njeenaaje
taƴtoNjeenaari ONU ngam golle maantiniiɗe e nder fannu jojjanɗe aadee.(1993)
Njeenaari Ibn Rushd ngam ndimaagu miijo hitaande 2006 to Berlin.
Golle
taƴtoHassadanna Khill'al Ashroon A'mm'a, Arab حصادنا nder عشرين عاماً, walla (Duɓi men e nder duuɓi capanɗe ɗiɗi). Khartoum: Jaaynde fedde rewɓe Sudaan, n.d.
Tariqnu ila el-tuharur (laawol men e ndimaagu). (n.d.).
el-Mara el-Arabiyya wal Taghyir el-Ijtimai, Arab المرأة العربية والتغيير الاجتماعي walla Rewɓe Aarabeeɓe e Waylo-waylo Renndo. Hitaande 1986
Holla Gadie'a alahoal al-shekhssia, Arab حول قضايا الأحوال الشخصية walla Geɗe ngonka neɗɗo.
Gadi'a Alm'ar'a el-A'mela Al-sodania, Arab قضايا المرأة العاملة السودانية, walla Geɗe Gollooɓe Sudaan Rewɓe.
An'a Awaan Eltageir Lakeen!,Arab !آن آوان التغيير ولكن walla Ko Wakkati Waylo kono!
Atfallana we'l Re'aia El-sehi'a, Arab أطفالنا والرعاية الصحية, walla Sukaaɓe men e toppitagol cellal.
"Kuɗol e fooftere". E nder Rewɓe e nder eggol, ed. Mahnaz Afkhami, 191-208: Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Virginia, 1994.
"Njillu Sudaan e hakkeeji rewɓe ina huutoroo Lislaam". Kabaaru Afrik 37, no. 5 (1992): 5.
Tuugnorgal
taƴto^ Jump up to: a b c "Fatima Ahmed woppii lannda kominist Sudaan, parlemaa". Jaaynde Sudaan. 19 mars 2007. Ƴeewtaa ko 30 suwee 2016.
↑ Malik, Nesrine (21 ut 2017). "Faatima Ahmed Ibraahiima ñalngu nguu". Gardiiɗo oo. ISSN 0261-3077. Heɓtinaama ñalnde 2020-04-02 – e lowre www.gardiiɗo.com.
^ "فاطمة أحمد إبراهيم.. أول برلمانية عربية" [Fatima Ahmed Ibraahiima … depitee aarabeeɓe gadano]. Al Jaziira (e ɗemngal Arab).
^ "Faatiima Ahmed Ibraahiima". Tuugnorgal Oxford. Keɓtinaa ko 2020-04-02.
^ Jump up to: a b c Faatimata Ahmed Ibraahiima, jaambaarooji moraal, ƴettaa ko ñalnde 30 suwee 2016
^ Usmaan, Amira (2014). "Ko ɓuri heewde e ajendaaji pan-Afrik: dille rewɓe Sudaan, baɗte mum en e caɗeele mum en" (PDF). Afrik rewɓe (19): 43. Moƴƴinaa ko e asli (PDF) ñalnde 10-02 2019. Ƴeewtaa ko 2019-10-02.
^ "Taariindi pelle rewɓe Sudaan e tiiɗnaare ngam ndimaagu e doole. - Defterdu internet mbelndu". www.defterdu.com. Ƴeewtaa ko 12-09-2019.
^ Juppu haa: a b Magdi El Gizouli (ñalnde 31 desaambar 2013). "Suuad Ibraahiima Ahmed: "Miɗo haɓa"". Jaaynde Sudaan. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 6 Abriil 2020.
^ Hale, Sondra (2016). "Teskorɗe dow golle, dille e ardaade rewɓe Sudaan". To Sadiqi, Faatiima (ed.). Dille rewɓe e nder Afrik worgo caggal "duuɓi aarabeeɓe". Palgraaf Makmilan.
^ "Fatima Ahmed Ibraahiima, kominist Sudaannaajo ɓooyɗo, maayii e duuɓi 84", Rajo Tamazuj, Khartuum, ñalnde 13 ut 2017.
^ "Premier leydi Sudaan riiwaama e yanaande debbo mawɗo", Monitor Fuɗnaange hakkundeejo, 16 lewru bowte hitaande 2017.
Janngugol jokkungol
taƴtoLiiteer, Ida (2009). Rewɓe juulɓe peewnitooɓe : daande cemmbinnde ngam haɓaade tooñannge. Amherst, N.Y.: Defte Prometheus. p. 321-324. ISBN 978-1591027164