Laamorɗe Kanem Bornu

historical country
Golle imaaɗe	700
Drainage basin	Chad Basin
Laamorde	Njimi
Located in or next to body of water	Lake Chad
Replaced by	Kanem-Bornu Empire
Dissolved, abolished or demolished date	1376

Laamorɗe Kanem Bornu ɗuun fellere laamowki ko hawti felle Naajeeriya, Niiser, Kamerun, Libiya e Caadi. Ɗuun andiraaɓe laarabanko'en (Arabian) ɓe ilmu joogaraafi, dungu 8th hiitaale downiyaaroow (8th Century) har yaarii hiitaade 1900s.^[1]

Taarihi Laamorɗe nden

Kanem Bornu(700-1380) e jotta, Ɗuun felleji hawti Caadi, Naajeeriya be Libiya.^[2] Ɗun won keerol e woɗɗaaki diiga lesdii Caadi, fombina lesdii Libiya, fowna Lesdii Nijar, wayla-ta-fowna lesdii Naajeeriya be wayla lesdii Kameru. Innde "Kanem" waari diiga "anem" (waiy fombina Teda e ɗemngal kaanuuri).^[3]

Hiitaale downiyaaroow (8th Century), Wahb ɓi Munabbih ɗon ƴi'e yimɓe Teda-Tubu edow innde Zaghawa, hanko ma Muhammad ɓi Musa al-Kwarizmi inni innde maɓɓe dow zaghawa bano ɓii al-Nadim yi'i eder debtere maako nde al-Fihriz e 10th Century.^[4]

Yimɓe bolwooɓe be ɗemngal Kanembu ɗon warta felleji Kanem, hamɓe balliti ummago yimɓe Kanuri. Yimɓe Kanuri ɓe zaghawa ɓe kauty gowrof (group) innde maɓɓe Magumi^[5]. Hennduki lesdii sahaara waddi felle ɗiɗi; wodi ɓe ɗemngal Teda-Daza fowna-ta-wayla maayo Caadi, wodi ɓe ɗemngal Caadinkore ɓeɗon hirnaa maayo Caadi (Bornu e lesdii Hawsanko'en/Hawsa)^[6]

Wakkacire Ardoogal Duguwa (700-1086)

Kanem ɗon hawti ɓe yimɓe luuɓe diiga gelle Bilma eder felle Kawar. Ɗuun ɗon wadda koriiɓe diiga nder Kanem eder laawol luumo gol. Sayf b. Dhi Yazan waɗi ardoogal ɓurgal gal durooɓe ɓe innde Magumi hankowdee 9th e 10th Century. Yimɓe Mais ardake ƴimɓe siraati'en e Ngalaga, Kangu, Kayi, Kuburi, Kaguwa, Tomgra be Tubu. ^[7]^[8]

Al-Yaqub e hiitaade 1872 ƴi'ii hande Laamorɗe Kanem nde ɗon nder Laamorɗe taty mawɗe. O yii yimɓe Zaghawa hamɓe ƴiite Kanin. Hanko bo Al-Muhallabi yi'i woodi gelle ɗiɗi e Laamorɗe nden. Woodi Manan, laamɗo maɓɓe yi hanko hokkata njamu be ƴawky, hokkata fooflee be mayde. Al-Bakri yi diiga 11th Century ɗuun fuɗɗi noddowgoo Laamorɗe nden Kanem. E 12th Century boh Muhammad Al-Idris ɗon yi'a manan dow gelle famarde ɗe ngala maheele. E 13th Century boh hanko ibn Sa'id Almagribi yi'i Manan kanjee woonii caapiital Kanem hamɓe woodi sembe Laamorɗe Jowldanku. ^[9] ^[10]^[11]

Wakkacire Sayfanko'en (1085-1846)

Bornu e hitaande 1810

Siraati'en Jowlɓe Sayfanko'en tefii ardooki Kanem, diiga yimɓe fulɓe ndurooɓe ɓe zaghawa edow luuɓe maɓɓe ɗe koriiɓe gelle Bilma e mannda e 9th Century ko nden.^[12]

Kaabiila'en diiga fombina maayo Caadi ɓeɗon ƴi'e Kafirun ɓeɗon sooraɓe dow fuushshi e bindigaaji e gelle zawiila. Adadow koriiɓe ɓen 1,000 e 7th Century yaarii 15th Century boh ɓe ɓeydake yaarii 5,000. Mai Hummai fuɗɗi ardoogal hiitaade 1075 o lattake Jowlɗo boh gam moodibbo maako Muhammad b. mani jowlɗo, o hawti gelleeji kay, Tubu, Dabir be Magumi. Hanko'on woni laamiiɗo jowlɗo aranndeejoo e kanem.^[13]^[14]^[15]

Wakkacire Mai Dunama

Hanko'on woni roonoowɗo Hummai hiitaade (1210-1259), hanko omti Laamorɗe Kanem nde yaaji masin, omti laawol woolduki be Sultan ɓe lesɗe wayla Africa, o tefi dow ɓee omtaa njangirde al-Rashiq e Cairo gam kuugal hijjow. O omti hawree be kaabiila'en ɓadiiɓe e sooja'en yaarii 41,000, o yahii hijjow nde taty bako wartuki maako Aidab. O habdi be Bulala eder balɗe jayɗiɗi (7), lewru jayɗiɗi (7), e dungu jayɗiɗi (7). O tiggi Gomnaajo e gelle Traghan.

E 14th Century, Kanem hendake wurooji gamma hawreji/kaɓe. Hawre be Sao faɗɗi laamiiɓe nayo (4); Selemma, Kure ghana es saghir, Kure Kura alkabir e Muhammad I fuu maɓɓe ɗuun ɓiɓɓe Abdullahi b. Kadai. ^[16]^[17]

Hawre be Bulala faɗɗi laamiiɓe nayo (4) hankowdee 1377 yaarii 1387, kamɓe woni les; Daud Nigalemi, Uthman b. Dawud, Uthman b Idris be Abu Bakr Liyatu. Dungu 1387 Yimɓe Bulala farti Mai Umar b. hooƴi yimɓe maako yaariɓe Bornu(hirnaa maayo Caadi) diiga Kanembu o ɗali Njimi. Dungu 1460 Ali Gazi habdi bo farti ngaƴƴo maɓɓe, tiggi gelle Ngazargamu(fellere hirnaa maayo Caadi kanjuum ƴi'ete Naajeeriya e jotta). E 16th Century Laamɗo Idris Katakarmabe habdi bo farti Bulala jabti gelle Njimi.^[18] Ali Gaji hanko'on woni laamiiɗo aranndeejoo lattiɗo Khaliofajo (Caliph). Bornu yaaji wakkacire laamiiɗo Idris Alooma ɓuri hausanko'en e yimɓe Ahir be Tuareg. Hankowdee 1574 yaarii 1583 Sultan Bornu hawti be Ottaman sultan Murad III be sultan morocco. Ɓi Furtu ɗon nodda Idris Alooma innde Aamiiril mu'uminin (ardeeɗo muumini en)gam wadgo shari'a jowldanku. Sultan gelle Agadez hamɓe jogii felle ɗuun hooƴata Manda gam luumo ɗe Bilma dungu 1750. Wakkacire 17th e 18th Century,Bornu lattake fellere njande islaama.^[19]^[20]^[21]^[22]^[23]

Wakkacire Jihaadi Fulɓe

Fullo Mujaddadijo Shehu Usman ɓi Fodio tefi nastowgo Borno, japti Ngazargamu. Hawre maako nawniɓe masin saini o jabta Laamorɗe nden.^[24]^[25]

Shehuujo Borno

Shehu Abubakar Garbai

Ɓawo hawreji saalake, Umar ɓii Muhammad hanko woni Shehuujo Borno o waddi laaɓe ndongidirkii Laamorɗe nden kesuum, o waddi waziri'en ballitooɓe dow laamuki. Dungu 1893,. Rabih az-Zubayr nasty Bornu be yimɓe maako diiga fowna Lesdii Sudan o jabti Laamorɗe nden. O faɗɗi Shehu Ashimi, Shehu Kyari be Shehu Sanda Wuduroma. Towranko'en inni mo hanko woni Shehuujo Borno yaarii hiitaade 1900 wakkaci hawre kousserie ɗon Faransanko'en faɗɗi mo. Faransanko'en tiggi Abubakar hanko woni Shehuujo Dikwa ɓawo ɗon towranko'en fooɗimo o warti Shehuujo Borno. Shehu Garbai hanko tiggi Yerwa hitaande 1907.^[26]^[27]

Ɓawo hawre downiyaaroow aranndeere, yimɓe Deutsch-Bornu hamɓe laamooto Bornu. Sanda Kura warti Shehuujo Borno ɓawo mayde baba maako hiitaade 1922, ɓawo ɗon Sanda Kura Shehuujo Dikwa hanko warti Shehuujo Borno 1937. Hiitaade 1961 jogiiɓe Bornu shubty dow nastoky nder laamiiɓe Naajeeriya. Hande woni Laamorɗe Diiwal Borno e jotta (present years).^[28]^[29]^[30]

Tuugnorgal

[1] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-2

[2] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-3

[3] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-4

[4] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-5

[5] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Nehemia-6

[6] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Smith-7

[7] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-8

[8] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Smith-7

[9] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-9

[10] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Smith-7

[11] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-13

[12] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Urvoy-12

[13] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Martin-14

[14] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Kevin-15

[15] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Nehemia-6

[16] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Urvoy-12

[17] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Palmer-17

[18] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Kevin-15

[19] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-20

[20] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-21

[21] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-23

[22] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-26

[23] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-29

[24] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Palmer-17

[25] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Vincent-30

[26] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Vincent-30

[27] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Palmer-17

[28] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-32

[29] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Kevin-15

[30] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire#cite_note-Vincent-30

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